# Raid # Software Raid #### **Create raid:**

Raid levels can be changed with: --level=1 // --level=0 // --level=5

**Raid 1** ``` mdadm --create --verbose /dev/md0 --level=1 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sdX /dev/sdX ``` Raid 5 ``` mdadm --create --verbose /dev/md0 --level=5 --raid-devices=3 /dev/sdX /dev/sdX /dev/sdX ``` **Raid 6** ``` mdadm --create --verbose /dev/md0 --level=6 --raid-devices=4 /dev/sda /dev/sdX /dev/sdX /dev/sdX ``` **Raid 10** ``` mdadm --create --verbose /dev/md0 --level=10 --layout=o3 --raid-devices=4 /dev/sdX /dev/sdX /dev/sdX /dev/sdX ``` #### **Stop raid:** ``` mdadm --stop /dev/md0 ``` #### **Assemble raid:** ``` mdadm -A /dev/mdX /dev/sdaX --run ``` ##### **Adding a drive in a failed raid:** ```command mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --add /dev/sdb1 ``` ##### **Resize drives after a HDD swap to something larger** ```shell screen resize2fs `mount | grep "on / " | cut -d " " -f 1` && exit ```

Then check with "watch df -h" and watch it go up

#### **Cloning a partition table** ##### MBR:

X = Source (old drive), Y = Destination (new drive)

``` sfdisk -d /dev/sdX | sfdisk /dev/sdY --force ``` ##### GPT:

Install gdisk

The first command copies the partition table of sdX to sdY

``` sgdisk -R /dev/sdY /dev/sdX sgdisk -G /dev/sdY ``` # MegaCli #### Check raid card: ``` lspci | grep -i raid ``` #### Ubuntu/Debian: ``` apt-get install alien # Convert to .deb alien -k --scripts filename.rpm # Install .deb dpkg -i filename.deb ``` #### CentOS/Other: [https://docs.broadcom.com/docs-and-downloads/raid-controllers/raid-controllers-common-files/8-07-14\_MegaCLI.zip](https://docs.broadcom.com/docs-and-downloads/raid-controllers/raid-controllers-common-files/8-07-14_MegaCLI.zip) Clear all config ``` -CfgLdDel -Lall -aAll -CfgClr -aAll ``` Physical drive information ```shell -PDList -aALL -PDInfo -PhysDrv [E:S] -aALL ``` Virtual drive information ``` -LDInfo -Lall -aALL ``` Enclosure information. ```p3 -EncInfo -aALL ``` Set physical drive state to online ```p3 -PDOnline -PhysDrv[E:S] -aALL ``` Stop Rebuild manually on the drive ```p3 -PDRbld -Stop -PhysDrv[E:S] -aALL ``` Show rebuild progress ```p3 -PDRbld -ShowProg -PhysDrv[E:S] -aALL ``` View dead disks (offline or missing) ```p6 -ldpdinfo -aall |grep -i “firmware state\|slot” ``` View new disks ```p6 -pdlist -aall |grep -i “firmware\|unconfigured\|slot” ``` Create raid 1: ```p7 -CfgLdAdd -r1 [E:S, E:S] -aN ``` Create raid 0: ```p7 -CfgLdAdd -r0 [E:S, E:S] -aN ``` Init ALL VDs ``` -LDInit -Start -LALL -a0 ``` Init 1 VD ``` -LDInit -Start -L[VD_ID] -a0 ``` clearcache ```p3 -DiscardPreservedCache -L3 -aN (3 being the VD number) ``` Check FW ```p1 -AdpAllInfo -aALL | grep 'FW Package Build' ``` Flash FW ```p1 -AdpFwFlash -f -a0 ``` Flash FW to older version ``` -adpfwflash -f $ROMFILE -noverchk -a0 ``` Check BBU ``` -AdpBbuCmd  -a0 ``` Flash LED on HDD ```shell -PdLocate -start -physdrv[E:S] -aALL -PdLocate -stop -physdrv[E:S] -aALL ``` Scan Foreign ```shell -CfgForeign -Scan -a0 ``` Import Foreign ```shell -cfgforeign -import -a0 ``` Bad to Good ```shell MegaCli -PDMakeGood -PhysDrv[E:S] -aN ``` Disable auto rebuild ``` -AdpAutoRbld -Dsbl -a0 ``` Enable auto rebuild ``` -AdpAutoRbld -Enbl -a0 ``` Check BBU ``` -AdpBbuCmd -a0 ``` #### JBOD Figure out the Enclosure Device ID ``` -PDList -a0 | grep -e '^Enclosure Device ID:' | head -1 | cut -f2- -d':' | xargs ``` Set all the drives to “Good” ``` -PDMakeGood -PhysDrv[$id:1,$id:2,$id:3,$id:4,$id:5,$id:6,$id:7,$id:8] -Force -a0 ``` Check and see if JBOD support is enabled ``` AdpGetProp EnableJBOD -aALL ``` Turn JBOD support on ``` AdpSetProp EnableJBOD 1 -a0 ``` Set each disk from above to be in JBOD mode ``` -PDMakeJBOD -PhysDrv[$id:1,$id:2,$id:3,$id:4,$id:5,$id:6,$id:7,$id:8] -a0 ``` The syntax for checking a disk within a MegaRAID based controller is as follows via CLI:

This shows the "Device ID: X", Replace n with the Device ID

```shell -LdPdInfo -a0 | grep Id ``` ``` smartctl -a -d sat+megaraid,n /dev/sg0 ``` Disk missing - No automatically rebuilding ``` -PdReplaceMissing -PhysDrv [E:S] -ArrayN -rowN -aN -PDRbld -Start -PhysDrv [E:S] -aN ``` For more see here: [https://www.broadcom.com/support/knowledgebase/1211161498596/megacli-cheat-sheet--live-examples](https://www.broadcom.com/support/knowledgebase/1211161498596/megacli-cheat-sheet--live-examples)